2015年2月6日星期五

The mechanical properties of 4130 material

     The 4130 is a kind of chrome molybdenum steel, the content of Cr and Mo is relatively high. The 4130 material is relatively hard, the tensile strength and yield strength is two times that of 20# steel, is 1.5 times that of 45# steel. Because the proportion of carbon is moderate, especially suitable for welding.
     Early chromium molybdenum materials scarce, 4130 mostly used in aircraft landing gear. Later, some professional bicycle frame also began to use this material, which is a big selling point, now largely been replaced by a high-strength aluminum alloy and carbon fiber materials. But for the rollcage and steel frame structure of off-road racing, the 4130 steel is still the best choice, in ensuring equal or even greater strength under the premise, the 4130 frame can do more light.
     But note that the 4130 material strength is high, after hot rolling if not temper or normalizing treatment, the tensile strength is more than 1000MPa, the yield strength is very high, the elongation of less than 10%, the result is unable to bend, pipe will break in the pipe, and the steel plate in bending of less than 90 degrees to start cracking. Correctly handle the processing after appearing in the process of stress will be basically eliminated, and has obtained the good toughness at the same time ensure strength, when the impact of the stress point will have instant deformation, but will soon recover, even if there is no permanent deformation in cracking the case, ensure the safety of the car.
     After the correct treatment, stress generated in the processing process will be basically eliminated, not only guarantee the strength, meanwhile, made a very good toughness, When subjected to violent impact , stress points have instant deformation, but will soon recover, even if its permanent deformation, also cannot appear the dehiscence the situation, ensure the safety of the racing car.


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2015年2月4日星期三

How to heat treatment of DIN 1.2738 die steel

1. Annealing:
     Annealing temperature: 710 ~ 740 °C, holding time is decided by the thickness of the DIN 1.2738 die steel, one hour per 25mm. Colding in furnace after thermal insulation.
2. Destressing:
     Heating temperature: 600 °C (annealed condition), 550 °C (quenching and tempering state), holding time is decided by the thickness of the 1.2738 steel, one hour per 50mm. Colding in furnace after thermal insulation.
3. Quenching and tempering:
     Preheating temperature 500 ~ 600 °C, quenching temperature 840 ~ 880 °C, holding 30min (the mold have to quenching in the protective gas to prevent oxidation and decarbonization). Oil cooling, cooling to 50 ~ 70 °C, immediately tempered.
     Tempering holding time is decided by the thickness of the 1.2738 steel mould, one hour per 25mm, at least 2h. Tempering temperature: 180 °C / 200 °C / 300 °C / 400 °C / 500 °C / 600 °C, the hardness: 52HRC / 51HRC / 48 HRC / 46HRC / 42HRC / 34HRC.
4. Induction hardening:
     The DIN 1.2738 die steel may be treated by flame or induction hardening to increase the surface hardness to 50HRC. Colding in air after hardening. Small mould can use common quenching medium, immediately tempered after hardened, tempering temperature 180 ~ 200 °C.
5. Nitriding:
     Nitriding temperature + nitriding time: 525 ° C + 20h, the nitride layer thickness 0.30mm; 525 °C + 30h, the nitride layer thickness 0.35mm; 525 °C + 50h, the nitride layer thickness 0.50mm.
6. Nitrocarburizing:
     570 °C to maintain nitrocarburizing 2h, the mold surface hardness is about 700HV, nitrided layer depth is about 0.1mm.


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